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How Does Machine Espresso Work?

Machine espresso makes use of precise pressure and amazing filter technology to make the coffee we love. How exactly does it work?

To make an espresso, hot water is pushed under pressure through finely ground coffee. The process is similar to making drip coffee, but the major difference is in the pressure.

The Head of the Group

The group head is the portafilter you insert when brewing espresso. It is responsible for dispersing water into the portafilter before controlling the pressure of the extraction. There are many different types of group heads each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Some focus on temperature stability, while others on pre-infusion features, and others are designed to control the lever. Some include a combination like the E61. This is a popular choice among baristas because it offers multiple benefits in a single package.

As you can see in the photo above the group head comes with many notches in which you can place your portafilter before twisting it manually to lock it in. There is also a gasket of rubber that is a part of the notches and helps to create an airtight seal after inserting your portafilter into the machine. The notches on the head allow for an exact position of the portafilter which is necessary to ensure an even extraction.

Aside from allowing you to easily place your portafilter in, the group head is also responsible for maintaining an even temperature. This is done by cycling hot water around the portafilter, and through the brew basin, ensuring that the temperature is constant to extract the coffee. This is important, as even a few degrees can be the difference between a good and excellent espresso.

The Pump

Motorized pumps in espresso machines rotary provide nine atmospheric bar pressure needed for mini espresso machine extraction. This differs from manual piston machines which use levers. The pressure is created by pumping water through a heat exchanger and then through the ground coffee.

Pumps are typically less expensive and last longer than piston-driven machines. However, both types of machines may degrade due to overuse and inadequate cleaning. Pumps are also more complex mechanically, which can increase prices of even simple models.

Certain espresso machines utilize steam pressure instead of a pump to make espresso. The downside is that the boiler that produces steam also increases the temperature of water until it reaches boiling which could lead to excessive extraction. They also have to constantly rebuild their pressure between cups. This requires energy and time.

A majority of espresso machines use the rotary or vibration pump, with a vibration model that uses a vibrating disc to create the pressure, and the rotary model pushing hot water through the grounds under high speed. Both types of machine can make a great espresso, however rotary machines are quieter and more durable than vibration pumps.

The Boiler

The boiler is the component that heats water to the ideal temperature to extract. The steam that is produced reaches the portafilter which holds the ground espresso and is then pumped down into the cup. During this process, steam creates pressure that pushes through the coffee grounds. This creates a layer crema on top. This is a hallmark of a great espresso.

There are three kinds of espresso makers, and they differ in the type of pump they employ and the degree of heat that the brew is. There are different ways to control the amount of brew, as well as the size of cup that can be made by the machine.

The first espresso machines were steam-based. The earliest espresso coffee machines for sale machines were steam-type machines. The coffee tasted bitter and burnt. This is why Milanese manufacturers Luigi Bezzerra and Desiderio Pavoni developed the modern espresso machine.

The most commonly used espresso maker is a semi-automatic device with an electric pump. When people think of espresso machines, they envision these machines. With a semi-automatic machine you have to grind the beans and then tamp them yourself but the pump provides regulated water flow and pressure. This is a fantastic compromise between human control and mechanised accuracy.

The Filter

Typically, espresso makers espresso machines use a filter to separate out the grounds of the coffee as they go through the hot water. The filter is also an essential element of the machine's temperature control, since it helps to prevent overheating.

It also aids in flavor, as it lets you enjoy a longer bloom time. This lets the beans release their nuances, and also allows for better extraction.

It is important to keep in mind that even the finest filter can make a bad cup of coffee. The quality of the beans as well as the extraction, are still crucial.

It's here that the magic happens. This is what makes buy espresso machines taste so good. The grouphead, often referred to as the brew head, is where the portafilter (the thing you put the ground coffee into) is located when you're making espresso.

Steam-driven espresso machines use hot water that is heated inside an airtight container to create steam. The steam then pushes hot water into the grounds of coffee under high pressure. These machines are cheaper and easier for the owner to maintain than pumps-driven models. They are however limited in their ability to create the ideal conditions for brewing since they only operate with 1-1.5 bar of pressure. The ideal shot requires 9-10 bars.

In recent years, compressed air-driven espresso machines have become more popular. They utilize an air compressor to force the hot water through the grounds and are significantly more portable than electric steam-driven machines.